East Prussia: A Fourth Baltic State?

After the Second World War, under the Communist occupation, Rob's Oma, a war widow, was struggling to feed her two children.  Her in-laws offered to take first her daughter, Irmgard, and then her son, Manfred to scavenge for food in Lithuania.  The Lithuanians were sympathetic to the East Prussian's cause, I assumed because the Lithuanians had also suffered under the Communists as part of the U.S.S.R.  However, there may have been a second reason that the Lithuanians were sympathetic:  the original Prussians were related to the Lithuanians and Latvians (Estonians comprised the third Baltic state).

East Prussia was originally inhabited by Pruzzen, not a Germanic tribe, but a Baltic one.  In 1262, the Pruzzen united with the Kashubians, a Slavic Pomerian tribe also living in the Baltic region, to fight the invading Teutonic Knights.  The Teutons won the war and Christianized the region.  While the Pruzzens largely merged with the German settlers brought in from the west, the Kashubians managed to retain their language, Kashubian, and their religion, Catholicism.  The Pruzzens were largely Germanized by the Teutonic Knights:  their religion, formerly pagan, became Protestant;  their language was rendered extinct by 1600; their surnames, some of which sounded Slavic, took on a Germanic flavour.  Martin Luther's break with the Catholic church, and formation of the Lutheran Church, helped solidify the region as a Lutheran enclave.

The Pruzzen and the Kashubians did influence one another.  As I blogged about the other day, Oma's childhood tradition was to spank her brothers and sisters on Easter morning to wake them up.  The Kashubians used to gently whip each other with pussy willows on Easter Monday.  Kashubian boys used to gently whip the girls with juniper twigs.

Note:  Here is an interesting Christian Science article, "A Fourth Baltic State Emerges", a result of the break up of the Soviet Union in 1991 at http://www.csmonitor.com/1990/0620/efink.html.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prussian_Crusade#/media/File:Baltic_Tribes_c_1200.svg

James R. Murray's Away in a Manger

Away in a manger, no crib for a bed,

The little Lord Jesus laid down his sweet head.

The stars in the bright sky looked down where he lay

The little Lord Jesus asleep on the hay.

James R. Murray of Philadephia wrote the lyrics for the carol Away in a Manger for the Lutheran Song Book of 1885.  The music, known as Mueller, was composed in 1887.  The third verse was composed by John T. McFarland in 1904.  William Kirkpatrick composed an alternate tune in 1895.  Some believe that Martin Luther himself composed the original carol.  However, the hymn is not found among Luther's works.  It is more likely that the hymn was simply composed to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Luther.

Sir David Willcock's version of the carol is often performed by English choirs.  Petula Clark recorded a version of the carol on her 1958 EP A Christmas Carol.  Jazz guitarist Royce Campbell recorded a version on his CD A Solo Guitar Christmas (https://www.cdbaby.com/cd/roycecampbell9).

http://hypnosishealthinfo.com/away-manger/